Suprasegmentals

What does suprasegmental mean?Suprasegmentals are linguistic features that go beyond the individual sounds.
  - Intonation/ stress
  - Linking of sounds
What are silent letters in English?Silent r
In non-rhotic Englishes (like Standard British), the final r is not pronounced, unless it's for linking.
  "water" is said like "watuh"
  "fever" is said like "fevah"
  "perfect" is said like "puhfect"
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Silent s
"island" is said like "iland"
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Silent plosives
  p ("pterydactyl" like "_terydactyl")
  b ("bomb" like "bom_")
  t ("match" like "ma_ch")
  d ("sandwich" like "san_wich")
  k ("knob" like "_nob")
  g ("design" like "desi_n)
.
Silent h
  "honest" like "_onest"
  "hour" like "_our"
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Silent w
  "answer" like "an_ser"
  "whole" like "_hole"
Describe the process of linking. When does it occur most often?Typical feature of the English language. In contrast to German, where there is a glottal stop. between. every. word, In english, words can become connected and thereby pronounced more smoothly.
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Typically occurs as Consonant-to-vowel linking: The first word ends with a consonant, the next begins in a vowel.
Example:
  "an apple" is said like "anapple"
  "hold on" is said like "holdon"
.
(Also happens through the linking r)
What is the linking r?When one word ends in an /r/ sound and the next begins with a vowel, the words are linked.
Example:
  "for a minute" is said like "fora minute"
  "far away" is said like "faraway"
What is the intrusive r?Though no 'r' is written, one is added between two words in pronunciation for smoothness.
Example:
  "the idea of it" is said like "the idearof it"
  "law and order" is said like "lawrand order"
What is elision?Sounds disappear from speech, for smoother pronunciation.
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Initiial /h/
  "with him" is said like "with'im"
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Final /d/ and /t/
  "next day" becomes "nex'day"
  "must go" becomes "mus'go"
What are weak and strong forms?Non-content words (i.e. most pronouns, auxilary verbs and structure words (prepositions, conjunctions, articles)) can be...
- Strong, if...
  - said in isolation
  - stressed for emphasis ("It was MY fault!")
  - sometimes initial position, and mostly in final position ("What are you waiting FOR?")
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- Weak, in all other cases!
-> Sounds change, some consonants are dropped.
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/ɪ/ instead of /iː/
  Weak: "She is very nice"
  Strong: "Shi is very nice"
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/ʊ/ instead of /u:/ 
  Weak: "How are juh?"
  Strong "How are youᵘ?"
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/ə/ for other vowels
  Weak: "Ah you coming?"
  Strong: "Arr you coming?"